AI systems and machine learning · AI infrastructure

Dense model inference operation estimate

Estimate forward-pass multiply-add operations for dense model inference from parameter count and token count.

Published · R0

Method and scope

Approximate forward-pass operations ≈ 2 × parameter count × processed tokens.

Use dense model inference operation estimate for educational calculation or a clearly scoped arithmetic estimate. Intended for Learners, General educational use.

Inputs
  • Active parameter count — 1
  • Processed token count — 1
SOURCE AND LIMITS

Assumptions: Model is a dense architecture and each multiply-add is counted as two floating-point operations. Parameter count and processed tokens represent the workload of interest.

Limitations: Mixture-of-experts, recurrent, attention overhead, prefill/decode differences, and kernel fusion alter executed operations.

Method version 1.0.0 · Unit registry and result provenance are shown after calculation. This tool is limited to the documented scope.
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